The average reader instantly recognizes 30,000 to 70,000 words—with no need to sound them out. How does that happen? Through a process called orthographic mapping. This book explains the process by which readers embed words into their long-term memories, and the instruction necessary to help K–5 students do just that. Teachers will learn how to connect decoding, encoding, and meaning through a four-step, research-based, classroom-tested routine that accelerates students' abilities to lift words off the page and capture them in reading and writing.