Logwood is derived from the heartwood of the logwood tree (Haematoxylon campechianum). It yields deep rich red purples to orchid blues depending on concentration and type of mordants used. Logwwod has been use a dye source since the 16th century. The logwwod tree is native to mexico, central america and portions of South America and India. Deep blacks can be obtained with the use of ferrous sulfate. Logwood develops best in a hard water dye bath. 

• Dye Amount: 0.1-1% WOF Extract, 15-20% WOF chips
• Color: Purple and purple shades, grey and black
• Light fastness: moderate (dramatically improved with use of iron)
• Wash fastness: good

• Mordant
• Alum mordant at 15% WOF for protein fibers
• Alum mordant at 8% WOF for cellulose fibers
• Tannin mordant at 8% WOF and then alum at 15% WOF, or alum acetate at 8% WOF

• Dyeing:
• Chips: Cover the chips with boiling water and let soak overnight. Remove the chips, add addition water to cover fiber and simmer at around 170 degrees but not more than 180 degrees for an hour. For Rich colors, leave the fibers to soak overnight.
• Extract: Mix the extract in a small container of hot but not boiling water. Once thoroughly mixed, add to the dye bath and simmer for 45 minutes. For rich colors, allow the dye bath to cool overnight.
• Color Variations
• Purple-Navy: add 6% WOF of cream of tarter.
• GreyGreens: Add osage orange or fustic
• Purples: Add cochineal
• Browns: Add cutch
• Navy: dip in indigo bath
• Greys and black: add ferrous sulfate